Therapeutic Breakthroughs and Persistent Challenges in Umbilical Granuloma: Evidence-Based Insights

There are many umbilical medical issues have been reported by medical experts among neonates. Umbilical granuloma brings attention towards more its self and parent’s concerns because of their lesion appearance with discharge. It develops due to the overgrowth of granulation tissue and also leads to the associated subclinical infections. The diagnosis of umbilical granuloma can be done clinically in certain cases Ultrasound can be done where lesion is to differentiate between granuloma / polyp. There are various treatment options are available such as topical salt therapy, silver nitrate therapy, corticosteroid therapy, topical antibiotics, electro-cauterization, ligation, and last surgical excision. This review elaborates on all the treatment options with their clinical corroborations and limitations. The effective treatment approach includes silver nitrate and common salt. The first line treatment for umbilical is Silver nitrate which is supported by randomized trials but sometimes results in periumbilical burns. Recent trials shows safer treatment which is safer approach.