MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, AND MODERN MANAGEMENT

Myocardial infarction (MI) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It results from an acute interruption of coronary blood flow, leading to ischemia and irreversible necrosis of myocardial tissue. This article reviews the current understanding of the pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, and evidence-based management strategies for myocardial infarction, with an emphasis on early reperfusion therapy and secondary prevention.