Estrategia metodológica para el fortalecimiento de la lectura comprensiva en estudiantes de quinto año de educación general básica en la asignatura de lengua y literatura

The purpose of this study is to analyze various recent studies on effective methodological strategies for developing comprehensive reading skills in fifth-year students in General Basic Education, in the subject of Language and Literature. The research was conducted through a systematic review of scientific literature published between 2020 and 2025, considering articles from peer-reviewed journals, undergraduate and graduate theses, as well as relevant educational research through recognized academic and scientific databases, including Scielo, Redalyc, Dialnet, and Google Scholar; Similarly, some repositories of higher education institutions (HEIs) were consulted with the assistance of descriptors and specific words that are key to the study. The results show that active methodological strategies have a significant and favorable impact on the development of comprehensive reading at the levels of literal, inferential, and critical comprehension. Similarly, it was identified that the role of the teacher as an intentional mediator inside and outside the classroom is a very important factor in the effective application of methodological strategies in the development of comprehensive reading. It is concluded that the systematic, relevant, and timely application of innovative methodological strategies promotes the strengthening of comprehensive reading in fifth-year students in general basic education, contributing significantly and substantially to the improvement of academic performance, cognitive development, and the construction of solid and effective communication skills.