An Overview on Nanoemulsion

Nanoemulsions are nanoscale colloidal dispersions consisting of two immiscible liquids stabilized by surfactants and co-surfactants to form a uniform, single-phase system.These systems have attracted considerable attention in pharmaceutical research due to their remarkable stability, clarity, and enhanced drug delivery potential.Typically, nanoemulsions are oil-in-water formulations with droplet sizes between 5 and 100 nanometers, which provide a transparent or translucent appearance.Their small particle size improves drug solubility, absorption, and bioavailability, making them promising carriers for both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs.This chapter provides an overview of formulation approaches, preparation techniques, and characterization methods such as particle size analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and transmission electron microscopy.Evaluation parameters including pH, viscosity, refractive index, in vitro release, and stability studies are also discussed.Nanoemulsions represent an advanced and versatile delivery platform capable of overcoming several limitations of conventional dosage forms, supporting targeted, controlled, and efficient therapeutic delivery.