Application of UV-Visible Spectroscopy in the Quantitative Determination and Characterization of Organic Compounds

This study investigates the application of UV-Visible spectroscopy for the quantitative determination and characterization of organic compounds. Standard solutions of a model organic compound (2–10 µg/mL) were analyzed, producing a calibration curve with excellent linearity (R² = 0.999) and adherence to the Beer–Lambert law. Sample analysis revealed a concentration of 5.9 µg/mL from a measured absorbance of 0.365, confirming the accuracy and reliability of the method. Spectral characterization showed λmax values at 268 nm, corresponding to π → π* electronic transitions, and solvent polarity and substituent effects caused bathochromic and hypsochromic shifts, reflecting structural sensitivity. Method validation demonstrated high precision (%RSD = 1.2%), accuracy (recovery 98–102%), and repeatability, highlighting the robustness of UV-Visible spectroscopy for analytical and quality control applications. Overall, the study underscores the versatility, rapidity, and cost-effectiveness of UV-Visible spectroscopy in research and industrial contexts.