From Oil to Climate Diplomacy: The Evolving Geopolitical Identity of Gulf States in A Decarbonizing World

This study examines the strategic transition of Gulf states from oil-based diplomacy to climate diplomacy, necessitated by global decarbonization pressures and ambitious national sustainability mandates. Further, by utilizing an analytical framework, the research evaluates the shift toward renewable energy and carbon capture technologies while addressing critical impediments, including fossil fuel dependency, technical barriers, and socio-economic implications for human capital development. Findings indicate that despite systemic hurdles, the region’s vast renewable potential offers a unique pathway to global leadership in clean energy. The study concludes that achieving carbon neutrality and bolstering geopolitical influence requires robust international cooperation, strategic economic diversification, and transparent environmental governance. By offering a viable roadmap for resource-dependent economies, this research underscores the pivotal role of smart infrastructure and green-sector investment in reshaping regional stability within a post-carbon global order.