QIZILQUM HUDUDIDAGI KAOLINGA ISTIQBOLLI MAYDONING GЕOLOGIK TUZILISHI, MODDIY TARKIBI VA ULARNING HOSIL BO‘LISH OMILLARI (ZAXQUDUQ, ALYANS, ALTINTAU MAYDONLLARI)

This article presents a comprehensive study of the geological structure, mineralization, material composition, and formation factors of promising kaolin deposits (Zakhkuduk, Alyans, Altintau) in the Kyzylkum region. The research scientifically substantiates the composition, distribution, and industrial significance of primary (residual), secondary (sedimentary), unmetamorphosed, and karst-genesis kaolins occurring in the area. The high-quality indicators of kaolin raw material — low iron oxides, low alkalis, high potassium modulus (above 4), as well as the superiority of kaolinized weathering crusts of granites over pegmatites as an important source — are highlighted. The weathering crusts developed in areas such as Qarnab, Ketmenchi, Oltintau, and Auminzatov, including their thickness, quantitative reserves (from hundreds of thousands to billions of tons), and morphological–geological characteristics, are analyzed. In addition, the processes of kaolinization in metamorphic schists, carbonate rocks, and Upper Cretaceous clay–sand layers, as well as in dyke-type kaolinized bodies, are described in detail, including their mineral composition (kaolinite, hydromica, halloysite, montmorillonite, relict quartz, etc.). The alunite- and halloysite-bearing deposits present in the region are also classified, and their genesis is discussed.