Significant Factors Affecting the Outcome in Emergency Open Surgery for Perforated Peptic Ulcer

Background: Perforated peptic ulcer remains a life-threatening surgical emergency, with outcomes strongly influenced by patient-related, disease-related, and perioperative factors despite advances in medical therapy. Objective: To identify and quantify significant demographic, clinical, and perioperative predictors of morbidity and mortality following emergency open surgery for perforated peptic ulcer. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 150 patients undergoing emergency open surgery for perforated peptic ulcer. Demographic variables, comorbidities, nutritional and hematological status, smoking history, duration of perforation, and preoperative shock were analyzed. Postoperative outcomes included mortality and major morbidities. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v15, employing chi-square and Student’s t-tests, with p72 hours resulted in 50–100% mortality (p=0.001). Smoking significantly increased chest infection and wound complications (p