Renewable Energy Integration throughSemi-Transparent Photovoltaic Windows: A Framework for Sustainable UrbanDevelopment in Hot Climates

As cities in hot climate regions face escalating challenges from rapid urbanization and climate change,there is a pressing need for innovative strategies that reduce building energy demands while ensuring occupantcomfort and environmental quality. Semi-transparent photovoltaic (STPV) windows present a promising solution byenabling on-site renewable energy generation through building façades, without compromising daylight access orarchitectural integrity. This study proposes a practical framework for integrating STPV technologies to support urbansustainability in hot climates, based on a multi-dimensional analysis of energy performance, thermal behaviour, andvisual comfort under intense solar exposure. Critical design and operational challenges—such as overheating, glare,and dust accumulation—are examined to inform climate-responsive integration strategies. Insights from theMsheireb Smart City case study in Qatar illustrate how mixed-use developments can leverage STPV technologies toenhance energy efficiency, align with climate adaptation goals, and maintain cohesive architectural aesthetics.Findings suggest that STPV systems have the potential to reduce cooling loads by up to 25% and provide on-siteelectricity generation that could meet 10–20% of a building’s energy needs, depending on factors such as glazingtype, orientation, and integration method. This study also highlights the potential of STPV to contribute to policyrecommendations on sustainable energy practices in hot climates. By positioning STPV systems at the intersectionof renewable energy innovation and urban climate resilience, this research offers actionable guidance for advancingsustainability in hot-climate cities through integrated building design, energy strategy, and urban planning.