An experimental approach to mapping exposure in contaminated sites

The management of Sites of National Interest (SIN) in Italy represents a major environmental, health, and social challenge, as these areas often face severe socio-economic problems and a high risk of social inequality. This paper proposes an experimental approach to map population exposure in contaminated areas, operating on two territorial levels: sub-municipal, through the aggregation of Istat enumeration areas, and supra-municipal, through clusters of municipalities, in order to represent different levels of pollutant exposure. By integrating GIS-based proximity analysis with census and environmental data, the approach allows exploration of spatial gradients of potential exposure beyond administrative boundaries. Applied to the Sulcis–Iglesiente–Guspinese SIN (Sardinia), it aims to support complex environmental and social issues, highlighting areas that may be more vulnerable. It is conceived as a replicable tool to support evidence-based governance at multiple territorial levels.