AquaPhoenix: An Integrated Hybrid Greywater Purification System Utilizing Waste-Derived Filtration Media and IoT-Based Real-Time Monitoring

The rapid pace of urbanization and depleting freshwater resources have stressed the need for effective and sustainable ways of managing wastewater. The present research work deals with "AquaPhoenix," a new, low-cost, hybrid greywater purification system that introduces a biological rhizofiltration mechanism using Lemna minor in combination with some physicochemical processes comprising coagulation, activated carbon filtration, and membrane technology. Uniquely, filtration media used in this treatment system will be prepared from agricultural and industrial wastes to contribute toward a circular economy. For enhancing operational efficiency and transparency in data, the treatment system has been integrated with an IoT-based framework, which facilitates real-time monitoring of water quality parameters. The experimental results showed a significant reduction in Turbidity from >100 NTU to