A SIDDHA PERSPECTIVE ON UTERINE FIBROIDS: CORRELATION WITH MODERN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Uterine leiomyomas (fibroid uterus) are among the most common benign tumors affecting women of reproductive age [1]. These tumors originate from a single smooth muscle cell (myocyte), and their growth is significantly influenced by ovarian hormones, particularly estrogen and progesterone [2]. From a modern clinical perspective, fibroids are characterized by localized smooth muscle proliferation and excessive extracellular matrix deposition [3]. In classical Siddha literature, conditions such as Maravai Katti, Karuppai Naarthasai Katti, and Vippuruthi closely corresponds to uterine fibroids [4]. These descriptions indicate a profound understanding of abnormal tissue growth and uterine mass formation within the traditional system [5]. This theoretical study explores the pathogenesis of fibroid uterus through the Siddha concept of Mukkutram imbalance [6]. The study aims to provide an integrative perspective by correlating classical Siddha descriptions with modern hormonal insights, specifically focusing on estrogen dominance and localized tissue proliferation [2, 7]. According to Siddha principles, uterine fibroids result from the collective derangement of Vatha, Pitha, and Kabam [8]. This humoral imbalance leads to pathological tissue accumulation, impaired metabolic regulation, and abnormal mass formation within the uterine myometrium [9]. Linking Siddha principles with contemporary gynecological findings offers a robust integrative diagnostic framework [10]. Conceptualizing fibroid development through the lens of Mukkutram imbalance provides valuable insights and establishes a foundation for future clinical and integrative research in non-invasive gynecological management [11].