Проектирование и анализ системы солнечного водоснабжения для многоэтажных жилых зданий на основе булева программирования

This paper presents the design and analysis of an innovative solar-powered water supply system for multi-storey residential buildings under conditions of high solar insolation and limited energy resources. Instead of the conventional approach where each apartment uses an individual low-power pump, a centralized architecture is proposed based on surface multistage pumps powered directly by DC photovoltaic modules. This enables operation without grid electricity and significantly reduces operating costs. Reliability is ensured through a duty-rotation strategy and ???? + 1 redundancy: two pumps operate simultaneously while one remains on hot standby. Water is stored in rooftop tanks with a total volume of 15–20 m3, providing stable supply during short-term fluctuations in solar irradiance. The mathematical model is formulated as a Boolean programming problem that captures pump on/off logic and discrete constraints on tank filling levels; its objective function combines energy consumption, annual operating costs, and a reliability metric, enabling multi-objective optimization. A numerical experiment for a four-storey building in Jizzakh with a daily demand of 34 m3 shows that the proposed system can reduce energy consumption by more than 95%, cut annual costs from 11.6 million to less than 0.3 million UZS, and improve reliability due to optimal pump rotation. The approach has strong practical value and can be adapted to diverse operating conditions, opening prospects for broad deployment in municipal infrastructure across regions with developing energy systems.