Strategic stability between Russia and the USA: dynamics and development prospects in the 21st century

The subject of the research is an important and relevant issue of strategic stability between the United States of America and the Russian Federation in the context of the 21st century. The object is the military-political relations between these two states, particularly the context of the crisis associated with arms reduction, which is observed against the backdrop of a multipolar world. The author conducts a detailed analysis of the evolution of negotiations and military doctrines of both Russia and the USA, including an analysis of the existing strategic balance of power. An important aspect of the research is the regulatory legal framework governing cooperation between the countries, including significant documents such as the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START III), missile defense, the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF), and the Open Skies Treaty. Special emphasis is placed on identifying problems and barriers that hinder a consistent disarmament process. Such barriers include geopolitical interests, mutual rejection of opponents' political systems, stagnation of diplomatic relations, which create additional difficulties in establishing constructive dialogue. Potential directions for cooperation between the USA and Russia that can be implemented in the military-industrial complex and strategic planning are considered. The methodology used in this research is based on the principles of historical objectivity and a systematic approach. It includes general scientific methods such as systemic, dialectical, and comparative analysis, as well as specialized methods related to legal, political science, and historical aspects. The novelty of the research lies in identifying key issues that hinder the development of strategic stability, as well as proposing specific ways to address them, taking into account recent geopolitical trends. The author concludes that, despite the existing barriers present in the negotiation process between the USA and Russia, there remains potential for renewal, especially in the area of disarmament and arms control. The potential of new types of weapons is also assessed, particularly in the context of the stagnation of the negotiation process in this area. In conclusion, the research underscores the importance of creating conditions for constructive dialogue and cooperation, which is a necessary step towards achieving strategic stability and preventing further escalation of tensions between the two states.