Detection of Candida spp. in Peccaries (Pecari tajacu) from the Brazilian Amazon

The collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) is a member of the Tayassuidae family widely distributed throughout the Americas, particularly in Brazil. These animals have important ecologic functions and, despite their good conservation status, are frequently affected by anthropogenic pressures. Candida spp. are commensal yeasts present in the microbiota of various hosts; however, under conditions that disrupt microbial balance, they can become opportunistic pathogens. Some Candida spp. are also of great relevance to the One Health framework, because they cause significant impacts on the health of humans and animals. The investigation of potentially zoonotic fungi in wild animals is fundamental for understanding the ecoepidemiologic dynamics, so this study aimed to detect Candida spp. in captive collared peccaries bred in naturalistic enclosures in the Brazilian Amazon. Swabs from the oral cavity were collected and processed according to classical microbiology techniques. Thirty animals were evaluated, and 93% (28/30) had at least one Candida species detected. A total of 42 Candida spp. isolates were recovered, with five identified species: Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Candida glabrata, and Candida tropicalis. One Candida isolate remained unidentified. These findings highlight the role of collared peccaries as potential reservoirs of opportunistically pathogenic yeasts and emphasize the importance of active surveillance of microbial diversity in wild animals.