Effect of long-term straw return on the community diversity of bacterial diseases in paddy soil of Southern China

ObjectiveTo elucidate the microbiological mechanisms through which long-term straw return influences the severity of bacterial diseases in paddy fields, thereby providing a theoretical basis for precise disease prevention and control.MethodBased on a long-term field location experiment in Huizhou, Guangdong Province, this study implemented three treatments: 1.3 times the amount of full straw returned (S30, with a seasonal application rate of 8425 kg·hm−2), full straw returned (CKS, with a seasonal application rate of 6400 kg·hm−2), and no straw returned (CK). Using metagenomic sequencing, we systematically compared the dynamics of soil bacterial community structure and the relative abundance of key pathogenic species (including Burkholderia glumae, Xanthomonas oryzae, and Dickeya oryzae) under different straw management practices, and examined their relationships with environmental factors through correlation analysis.ResultStraw returning significantly enhanced the species richness of soil bacterial communities (P