Effects on Glycaemic Control by Continuous Intravenous Regular Insulin With or Without Subcutaneous Glargine Basal Insulin in Patients With Diabetes Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery

BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia is common after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) among patients with diabetes and has been associated with increased morbidity rates. The conventional strategies involving sliding-scale insulin therapy alone or continuous IV infusion alone are frequently ineffective due to the lack of basal insulin support. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether adding subcutaneous glargine to continuous intravenous regular insulin enhances glycaemic control and postoperative outcomes among diabetic patients who undergo CABG. METHODS: This is a prospective observational study carried out among 260 diabetic patients scheduled to undergo elective CABG at the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Dhaka. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group A received continuous IV regular insulin alone, and Group B received continuous IV regular insulin and once-daily subcutaneous glargine. Blood glucose levels were recorded until the second day after the operation. The postoperative complications and outcomes were recorded. RESULTS: The mean postoperative blood glucose levels were significantly lower in Group B compared to Group A (mean 9.25 ± 0.84 vs. 12.14 ± 0.77 mmol/L; p