Facilitators and Barriers to Seeking Early Diagnosis and Treatment for Breast Cancer Among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in India, where a substantial proportion of cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, resulting in preventable morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to identify facilitators and barriers influencing early diagnosis and treatment to inform strategies that promote timely care. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2023 to 2025 in the Departments of Community Medicine and Radiotherapy at Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Agra. A total of 95 women aged ≥18 years registered for anti-cancer management were enrolled using consecutive sampling. Data were collected through a pretested semi-structured questionnaire and review of medical records. Factors influencing healthcare-seeking behavior were examined using the social ecological model and force field analysis. Statistical analysis included bivariate comparisons and multivariate logistic regression to identify independent predictors of delay. RESULTS: Most participants were middle-aged, married, housewives (75.8%), and from low-income households. Significant factors associated with delay included first point of care, primary barrier type, cultural/regional beliefs, and use of indigenous medicine (p