Severe Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura Associated With Acute Epstein–Barr Virus Infection: A Case Report

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by immune-mediated platelet destruction. Viral infections, particularly Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are recognized triggers of secondary ITP in children and young adults. Although EBV-associated ITP is often mild and self-limited, severe thrombocytopenia with clinically significant bleeding may occur. We report the case of an 18-year-old previously healthy woman who presented with severe thrombocytopenia associated with mucocutaneous bleeding, lymphadenopathy, and serological evidence of acute EBV infection. The patient was diagnosed with EBV-induced ITP and was successfully treated with systemic corticosteroids, achieving complete hematological and clinical recovery. This case highlights the importance of considering EBV infection in young patients presenting with acute severe thrombocytopenia and bleeding manifestations, as well as the generally favorable prognosis with appropriate management.