Temporal Relationship Between Seasonal Burn Incidence and Clinical Severity in a Long-Term Regional Cohort

BACKGROUND: Seasonal changes have a measurable impact on burn frequency and clinical implications, yet the relationship with injury severity remains understudied in arid regions. This study evaluated the association between seasonal and cultural burn trends in the Qassim region, focusing on the dissociation between admission volume and injury severity. METHODS: A retrospective registry analysis was conducted for all acute burn admissions to the regional referral center from November 2018 to November 2025 (n=816). Monthly admission volume was examined using negative binomial regression, and injury severity, measured as percent total body surface area burned (%TBSA), was analyzed using RStudio (Posit, Boston, MA). A two-sided p-value < 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. Data were categorized by age, season, and cultural time (Ramadan/Eid). RESULTS: Injury severity varied significantly by season (p = 0.012). For instance, winter admissions had a higher median TBSA (5%, interquartile range (IQR) 0.3-15%) than summer admissions (median TBSA = 1%; IQR 0.1-13.5%). In contrast, the aggregate admission volume did not differ considerably by season. Pediatric admissions (