Evaluation of Lipid Profile, High-Sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hs-CRP), and Homocysteine in Premature Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Semi-urban Population: A Case-Control Study

Background The incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in young adults is progressively increasing, presenting a significant public health challenge. While traditional risk factors are documented, specific roles of atherogenic dyslipidemia and novel inflammatory biomarkers in premature AMI remain under-evaluated in semi-urban populations. Recent evidence suggests that biomarkers such as homocysteine (Hcy) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) indicate endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is associated with oxidative stress and endothelial damage, while elevated hs-CRP levels are linked to plaque instability and a higher risk of cardiovascular events. Aims To evaluate the serum lipid profile, hs-CRP, and Hcy levels in patients with premature AMI in a semi-urban population, and to assess their correlations with glycemic markers. Methods A case-control analytical study was conducted at a tertiary care center in Maharashtra, India. The study enrolled 105 participants divided into three groups: Healthy controls (n=53), old age AMI (≥40 years, n=32), and premature AMI (