Analysis of Information Exchange Requirement in Future Military Satellite Communication Systems

Driven by advances in intelligent information technologies and the expansion of multi-domain operations in future battlefield environments, reliable military satellite communication has become a critical requirement for the Republic of Korea (ROK) armed forces. This study analyzes the information exchange requirements (IERs) of the future ROK military satellite communication system and proposes development directions to ensure sufficient transmission capacity. To establish operational context, the satellite communication architectures of major countries―including the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and Germany―were examined, confirming the necessity for resilient and protected satellite communication capabilities. Interoperable weapon systems within the ROK defense network were identified, and IER specifications were derived based on Interface Control Documents (ICDs) and representative unit-level operational scenarios. Modeling and simulation (M&S) were conducted using MATLAB and the NS-2 network simulator to quantify information-distribution demands across multiple command-level subnetworks. The results indicate that unit-level networks may require up to 0.00 Gbps of aggregate information traffic depending on mission conditions, with uplink and downlink throughput varying significantly across operational commands. Additional analytical considerations were investigated, including the application of reduction factors based on simultaneous satellite terminal usage, constraints imposed by realistic terminal bandwidth, and anticipated increases in data flow due to future weapon platforms incorporating artificial intelligence, unmanned systems, and cyber operations. The findings highlight four key areas requiring further refinement: establishment of standardized IER specifications, development of traffic analysis tools for foundational metadata collection, characterization of practical transmission bandwidth requirements for future satellite terminals, and incorporation of emerging weapon systems into IER baselines. By addressing these considerations, this study is expected to support the evolution of future military satellite communication architectures, contribute to realistic force-development planning, and enhance the resilience and scalability of tactical information networks in next-generation warfare environments.