Perceived Role of Vitamin D Section in Individuals with Depression: A Qualitative Analysis

Introduction: Depression is a complex mental health condition with multifactorial origins, including psychological, social, and biological factors. Recent evidence suggests that Vitamin D3 , a micronutrient traditionally associated with bone and calcium regulation, may also influence neurological functions and mood regulation. However, the role of Vitamin D in mental health remains underexplored, particularly in relation to depression severity. Aim: To explore perceptions and beliefs, among individuals with varying levels of depression and serum Vitamin D3 . Materials and Methods: The present qualitative study was conducted in Unique health Private hospital in Ernakulam, Kerala, India, between April and May 2025. A purposive sample of eleven adults (n=11), both males and females aged 20-45 years, was selected based on documented depression scores (moderate to severe) and serum Vitamin D3 levels. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews conducted in private settings using a pretested interview guide. The researcher, trained in qualitative methods with a background in psychology and public health, maintained reflexivity throughout the process. The study evaluated participants’ depression severity and Vitamin D3 status to explore perceptions and experiences related to mental health and nutrition. Data were analysed manually using Braun and Clarke’s six-phase thematic analysis framework, with Microsoft Excel 2021 used for organising codes and sociodemographic details. Results: Five major themes were identified: (1) Lack of awareness about the link between Vitamin D3 and mental health; (2) Patterns of deficiency among individuals with severe depression; and (3) Clinical neglect of Vitamin D3 screening in routine psychiatric assessments; (4) Emotional and social impacts of limited knowledge; and (5) Hopes for holistic and multidisciplinary care. Sub-themes revealed misconceptions about depression, inadequate nutritional education, and limited adoption of integrative care practices. Conclusion: The present study highlights limited awareness among study subjects about the role of Vitamin D3 in mental health and a lack of Vitamin D screening in clinical practice. Findings advocate for a holistic, interdisciplinary approach to depression management, bridging biological and psychosocial models. Broader public health initiatives are needed to increase awareness, reduce stigma, and improve clinical practices surrounding the role of micronutrients in mental health.