How AI Intervention Levels Affect Co-Creation in Generative AI-Based Presentation Authoring

Advancements in generative AI have expanded AI involvement in creative workflows, raising questions about how creative authority should be shared in human-AI co-creation. This study examines preferred levels of AI intervention in presentation authoring, a complex task that combines content structuring, visual design, and draft revision steps. We designed a prototype of an AI-based presentation authoring tool with three intervention types including human-initiative, mixed-initiative, and AI-initiative and examined user preferences both for overall approaches to presentation creation and for preferred intervention patterns across different steps of the workflow. The findings indicate a general preference for human-led interaction over full automation throughout the presentation creation process. In addition, human-initiative was favored in content structuring and draft revision step, while more active AI support was welcomed in visual design step. These results provide empirical evidence of differences in how users perceive AI intervention across stages in presentation authoring and offer design implications for future AI-supported presentation tools.