Farmers’ Perception of Climate Change Vulnerability in Dryland Telangana

Climate change poses severe risks to agriculture in semi-arid regions of India, particularly in Telangana where rainfed farming predominates. The present study assessed farmers’ perception of climate change and examined its socio-economic determinants in four highly vulnerable dryland districts of Telangana—Mahabubnagar, Wanaparthy, Gadwal and Nagarkurnool. Using a descriptive research design and multistage sampling, data were collected from 240 farmers during 2023–24. A standardized perception scale consisting of 24 statements was developed and administered. Results revealed that (41.66%) of farmers exhibited a medium level of perception, (33.33%) a high level and (25.00%) a low level of perception towards climate change. Farmers widely perceived increased drought frequency, irregular rainfall, delayed monsoons, rising temperatures, pest and weed incidence, declining groundwater availability and reduced farm profitability as major consequences of climate change. Education, scientific orientation, training exposure, mass media exposure and decision-making ability significantly influenced perception, while age and farming experience showed a negative relationship. The study highlights the critical role of socio-economic and informational factors in shaping farmers’ understanding of climate risks. Strengthening climate-focused extension services, enhancing training programs and improving access to location-specific climate information are essential to build adaptive capacity and resilience in dryland farming systems of Telangana.