Techno-Economic and Commercial Feasibility Analysis of a Mobile Wave Energy System Utilizing Second-Life EV Batteries

This study evaluates the techno-economic and commercialization feasibility of a 10-MW mobile wave energy system integrated with second-life EV battery energy storage. A hybrid swing-plate–cylinder converter and a coupled hydrodynamic–mooring–PTO simulation framework were developed to ensure survivability and operational efficiency under typhoon-level seas. Economic analysis assumes an 80 % capacity factor, SMP of 90 KRW/kWh, REC of 62.7 KRW/kWh, and a total CAPEX of 60 billion KRW. The resulting indicators are B/C=1.18, NPV≒14.0 billion KRW, and IRR=6.6 %. Even in conservative scenarios (CAPEX 75 billion KRW, price −10 KRW/kWh), B/C remains near 1.0, while favorable conditions raise B/C to 1.6~2.1. A commercialization strategy through a special-purpose company (SPC) including utilities, port authorities, and shipyards is proposed. The ESS employs EV battery packs in pack-as-is configuration, offering cost advantages and enabling maritime fast-charging or island microgrids. The concept aligns with Korea’s net-zero policy and demonstrates high export potential to wave-resource-rich regions.