SAD: A Large-Scale Strategic Argumentative Dialogue Dataset

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Authors: Yongkang Liu, Jiayang Yu, Mingyang Wang, Yiqun Zhang, Ercong Nie, Shi Feng, Daling Wang, Kaisong Song, Hinrich Schütze
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Abstract

Argumentation generation has attracted substantial research interest due to its central role in human reasoning and decision-making. However, most existing argumentative corpora focus on non-interactive, single-turn settings, either generating arguments from a given topic or refuting an existing argument. In practice, however, argumentation is often realized as multi-turn dialogue, where speakers defend their stances and employ diverse argumentative strategies to strengthen persuasiveness. To support deeper modeling of argumentation dialogue, we present the first large-scale \textbf{S}trategic \textbf{A}rgumentative \textbf{D}ialogue dataset, SAD, consisting of 392,822 examples. Grounded in argumentation theories, we annotate each utterance with five strategy types, allowing multiple strategies per utterance. Unlike prior datasets, SAD requires models to generate contextually appropriate arguments conditioned on the dialogue history, a specified stance on the topic, and targeted argumentation strategies. We further benchmark a range of pretrained generative models on SAD and present in-depth analysis of strategy usage patterns in argumentation.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Speech and dialogue systems Linguistics and Discourse Analysis Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation

Publication details

Journal / source
arXiv (Cornell University)
Publication date
12 January 2026
Document type
Preprint