Valmistuksen lähiulkoistuksen motiivit ja esteet globaalille valmistavalle yritykselle : tapaustutkimus

This thesis examines the factors influencing nearshoring decisions in a global manufacturing company, a topic that has gained relevance due to recent supply chain disruptions, geopolitical uncertainty, and sustainability requirements. The study aims to identify the factors that drive nearshoring considerations, the barriers that exist, and how these factors shape strategic sourcing decisions. A qualitative case study approach was applied, using nine semi-structured interviews with senior managers from supply chain and R&D functions. The analysis was guided by an adapted theoretical framework categorizing motivations and barriers into value-driven, cost-driven, efficiency-driven, location-specific, and company-specific factors. The findings indicate that nearshoring is not a universal solution, but a set location strategy aligned with long-term objectives. Efficiency-related drivers, such as shorter lead times, improved flexibility, and inventory reduction, were the strongest motivators found, alongside sustainability and risk mitigation. Cost considerations remain critical: while landed cost thinking is gaining traction, high European labour costs and investment requirements pose significant barriers. Capability constraints and qualification workload further limit nearshoring actions, while knowledge hubs in Asia continue to dominate certain technologies. Managerial implications include adopting landed cost models, implementing parallel supply strategies, and prioritizing categories where nearshoring delivers clear efficiency and cost benefits. The study is limited by its single-company scope and qualitative nature, suggesting future research through multi-case studies, quantitative impact analysis, and decision-support tools. This thesis contributes by bridging theory and practice, offering a structured decision map for nearshoring that supports strategic and operational planning.