Політична економія відновлення й антикорупційні запобіжники у великих інфраструктурних проєктах

The article is devoted to the consideration of the political economy of large infrastructure projects in Ukraine, which is particularly relevant in the context of post-war reconstruction and large-scale involvement of international financing by the state. The effectiveness of such projects largely depends on the introduction of anti-corruption safeguards that ensure transparency, accountability and rational use of resources. It has been established that reconstruction is not only a matter of economic efficiency, but also a test of the state's institutional capacity. The trust of society and donors directly depends on the transparency of the distribution and use of resources. If control mechanisms remain weak, reconstruction risks turning from an instrument of development into a source of large-scale abuse. In view of this, the main task is to identify and neutralise the most common corruption risks. Ukraine's experience clearly shows that in the context of large-scale reconstruction, even targeted programmes can become a breeding ground for abuse. This creates an urgent need for systemic anti-corruption safeguards, ranging from transparent tender procedures and independent audits to international control and cross-border cooperation. It is important to understand that only a comprehensive approach will minimise risks and ensure the effective use of resources in the reconstruction process. It has been determined that the main anti-corruption safeguards in large infrastructure projects are transparency and public access to information, independent auditing, public oversight, an effective judicial system, and the use of modern digital technologies. The conclusions state that only a comprehensive approach combining institutional, public and technological control mechanisms can ensure sustainable and effective infrastructure recovery in conditions of high corruption risks.