Чиновництво та канцеляристи палат цивільного і кримінального суду на Правобережній Україні (1831–1864 рр.): інституційно-правовий аспект (на прикладі Волинської губернії)

The article explores the institutional and legal aspects of the functioning of officials and clerks in the Civil and Criminal Court Chambers in Right-Bank Ukraine from 1831 to 1864, using Volyn province as a case study. It analyzes the transformation of the judicial system following the suppression of the Polish Uprising of 1830–1831, which led to the elimination of «controlled autonomy» and the introduction of the imperial judicial structure. The research findings indicate that after 1831, the clerical apparatus was largely preserved and staffed by local residents, primarily from the landless nobility. The staff schedule, official salaries, and educational and estate requirements for civil servants are identified. The legal status of different categories of judicial workers is established: officials who held class ranks according to the Table of Ranks, and clerks, who constituted the most numerous group but had an undefined legal status and limited career advancement opportunities, consistent with their meager or non-existent remuneration. The mechanisms of appointment, conditions of service, and the system of rewards are clarified. It is proven that personnel policy combined repressive measures against local elites associated with the uprising with the pragmatic need to engage individuals familiar with local law, the Polish language of record-keeping, and the specifics of the region. The conclusions testify to the complex nature of integrating Right-Bank Ukraine into the all-imperial judicial system, which required balancing the political goals of unification with the practical needs of ensuring the functioning of local judicial institutions. In practice, the judicial bureaucracy in Right-Bank Ukraine was guided not by formal legal norms, but by informal mechanisms of adaptation, which it developed in response to chronic underfunding and a shortage of qualified officials.