SYNONYMY IN THE INTEGRITY OF THE LEXICAL SYSTEM: A THEORETICAL APPROACH

This study examines synonymy within the framework of the lexico-semantic field, highlighting its structural, functional, and theoretical significance in linguistic analysis. It explores the organization of lexical units into paradigms, groups, and fields, addressing terminological ambiguities related to concepts such as lexico-semantic group, synonymic group, and semantic field. These issues are discussed in relation to theoretical perspectives advanced by E. Coseriu, A. Zalesskaya, and A. Bidu-Vrănceanu. Particular emphasis is placed on semantic oppositions-privative, equipollent, and disjunctive – as fundamental structuring mechanisms of lexico-semantic fields. The study argues that synonymy fulfills a dual function, ensuring systemic coherence and contributing to stylistic and expressive variation. Integrating cognitive and functional approaches, synonymy is conceptualized as a dynamic, context-sensitive mechanism that facilitates differentiated nomination, semantic proximity, and lexical variation in both general and specialized language. Keywords: synonymy, lexico-semantic field, semantic opposition, paradigm, lexical system, cognitive linguistics,linguistic variation DOI: https://doi.org/10.59295/sum10(220)2025_12