ЗОВНІШНЬОТОРГОВЕЛЬНІ ВІДНОСИНИ КРАЇН БАЛТІЇ В УМОВАХ СУЧАСНИХ ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ

The purpose of the article is to determine the prospects for the development of foreign trade relations of the Baltic countries in the context of global challenges. After the collapse of the USSR, the Baltic countries: Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia defined the vector of their integration into the European Union. The accession process lasted nearly ten years, and in 2004 the Baltic countries joined the European Union, which served as an impetus for their further economic development.As small open economies integrated into the European Union, the Baltic countries are particularly sensitive to external challenges in the global economy. This has determined the need for an in-depth analysis of trends and structural changes in the foreign trade of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia in the context of contemporary global challenges.The article analyzes changes in gross domestic product and gross domestic product per capita of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia over the period 1995–2024. The volumes of exports and imports of goods of the Baltic countries are examined. The commodity structure of foreign trade of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia in 2024 is presented in detail. The main trading partners are identified, and the role of European Union countries in shaping the foreign trade policy of the Baltic countries in 2024 is analyzed.Foreign trade relations of the Baltic countries indicate increasing openness of their economies and deeper integration into the European and global economic space. Structural shifts in the commodity specialization of the Baltic countries towards an increasing share of value-added products are identified. Changes in the geopolitical situation resulting from Russia’s military aggression against Ukraine have significantly influenced the gradual reorientation of the foreign trade geography of the Baltic countries towards European Union partner countries, as well as the United States, China, and others.The study identifies promising directions for the development of foreign trade relations of the Baltic countries aimed at ensuring their economic stability and competitiveness.