Comparison of PNF-Based Stretching and Mulligan Mobilization Combined with Conventional Exercise on Wrist Functionality and Proprioception in Patients with Distal Radius Fracture

Background: Proprioceptive deficits can compromise motor control and the regulation of muscle stiffness, potentially limiting functional recovery after distal radius fracture. This study, therefore, examined whether incorporating proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)-based stretching and Mulligan mobilization into conventional therapy enhances wrist function, proprioception, pain, kinesiophobia, range of motion (ROM), and muscle strength. Methods: Thirty-four participants with distal radius fractures were randomly assigned to two groups: the Mulligan mobilization group (n=17) and the PNF-based stretching group (n=17). Both groups received traditional exercise therapy (45 minutes per session, twice weekly for six weeks). The primary outcome was joint position sense, assessed using a goniometer. Secondary outcomes included the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain, pressure pain threshold (algometer), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, active range of motion (AROM), muscle strength, and the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) questionnaire. Results: Both groups showed statistically significant improvements in functionality, kinesiophobia, pain, ROM, and muscle strength (p