A study to estimate the frequency of functional disability and associated factors among elderly individuals in a rural field practice area of Bangalore Medical College and Research Center- a cross sectional study

Background Global increase in elderly population reveals that health of the elderly directly indicates health of a population. With functional disability being an important indicator of disease burden in elderly age group, its estimation and evaluation could pave way for appropriate interventions for betterment of their health contributing to healthy ageing. Hence this study was conducted to estimate the frequency of functional disability and associated factors among elderly individuals in a rural field practice area of Bangalore Medical College and Research Center. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross sectional study was conducted among elderly residents in a rural area of Bangalore. Based on a study done in a rural area of Haryana, (P=37.4%), the sample size was calculated as 200. Samples were selected by Simple Random Sampling method and data collected using Epicollect tool. Sociodemographic factors was assessed using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire and Barthel’s Index for activities of daily living. RESULTS A total of 200 elderly individuals participated in the study, in the age group of 60- 90 years which included 103(51.5%) females and 97(48.5%) males. Frequency of functional disability among elderly individuals of the study area was found to be 43 (21.5%). Advancing age, female gender, widowhood, illiteracy, unemployment, economic dependence, chronic diseases, and addictive habits were significant risk factors for functional disability. CONCLUSIONS Functional disability is prevalent in a significant proportion of elderly individuals in rural area. Hence, it should be identified and addressed through community-based interventions including comprehensive geriatric health assessment and social support promoting activities