Living Contracts: Beyond Document-Centric Interaction with Legal Agreements

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Authors: Ziheng Huang, Robin Bradley Kar, Hari Sundaram, Tal August
Cited by: 0

Abstract

User interaction with legal contracts has been limited to document reading, which is often complicated by complex, ambiguous legal language. We explore possible futures where contract interfaces go beyond single document interfaces to (1) educate users with legal rights not stated in the contract, (2) transform legal language into alternative representations to aid information tasks before, during, and after signing, and (3) proactively supply contractual information at relevant moments. We refer to these future interfaces collectively as Living Contracts. Using residential leases as a case study, we created three design probes representing different possible Living Contracts. A three-part qualitative study (N=18) revealed participants' barriers to interacting with contracts, including interpreting complex language, uncertainty about legal rights, and the pressure to sign quickly. Participants' feedback on the probes highlighted how Living Contracts have the potential to address these challenges and open new design opportunities for human-contract interactions beyond document reading.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Innovative Human-Technology Interaction Usability and User Interface Design Artificial Intelligence in Law

Publication details

Journal / source
arXiv (Cornell University)
Publication date
1 February 2026
Document type
Preprint