Cadeias de valor como mecanismos potenciais para enfrentar o problema do desmatamento: um estudo de caso de produtos florestais não madeireiros em Guaviare, Colômbia

In contexts of high deforestation such as Guaviare (Colombia), non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are promoted as sustainable alternatives to substitute illicit crops. Their analysis from traditional value chain models limits the understanding of the complex relationships between actors and their link with ecological systems. This study approaches NTFPs from a socio-ecological value network approach, with the objective of analyzing the relationships and interdependencies between social actors and ecological resources and understanding how decisions are made within these networks. A mixed methodology including surveys, interviews, participatory workshops and social network analysis (SNA) was applied. Five types of networks were constructed (NetChain, by type of relationship and by link) and differences in centralities were evaluated using non-parametric statistical tests (Friedman and Wilcoxon). The results show that the position of the actors varies according to the network, and low levels of density and socio-ecological integration are evident, which impact the governance system of the network. It is concluded that socio-ecological value networks are analytical tools to strengthen territorial governance and represent a relevant approach to guide public decisions to control deforestation in the Colombian Amazon.