EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polyanthum) TERHADAP PENURUNAN GLUKOSA DARAH DAN HISTOPATOLOGI GINJAL MENCIT (Mus musculus L.) SETELAH DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BAY LEAVES (Syzygium polyanthum) ON REDUCING BLOOD GLUCOSE AND KIDNEY HISTOPATHOLOGY IN MICE (Mus musculus L.) AFTER ALLOXAN INDUCTION

Hiperglikemia merupakan kondisi patologis yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa dalam darah dan menjadi manifestasi klinis utama pada diabetes melitus dan berpotensi menimbulkan berbagai komplikasi organ, salah satunya kerusakan ginjal. Terapi konvensional sering kali menghadapi kendala seperti efek samping dan keterbatasan akses. Pendekatan terapi alternatif, termasuk penggunaan tanaman obat seperti daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum) menjadi pilihan yang potensial, karena senyawa bioaktif yang terdapat pada daun salam diyakini memiliki efek antihiperglikemik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas ekstrak etanol daun salam terhadap penurunan glukosa darah dan gambaran histopatologi ginjal mencit (Mus musculus L.) setelah diinduksi aloksan. Mencit dibagi ke dalam lima kelompok perlakuan, termasuk kontrol yang hanya diberi makan dan minum, kontrol yang hanya diinduksi aloksan 150 mg/gBB, dan tiga perlakuan dengan variasi dosis ekstrak (150, 250, dan 350 mg/gBB). Pemeriksaan glukosa darah dilakukan menggunakan alat glucose meter, dan analisis jaringan ginjal dilakukan dengan mengamati preparat histopatologi dengan pewarnaan hematoksilin-eosin. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA atau uji non-parametrik sesuai distribusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang diberikan semakin efektif dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah mencit (Mus musculus L.) dan perbaikan histopatologi pada nefron ginjal yaitu perbaikan jarak ruang glomerulus dengan bowman kapsula. Hasil penelitian tersebut dapat menjadi acuan dasar dalam pengembangan obat herbal di masa mendatang. Kata kunci: Hiperglikemia, histopatologi ginjal, Syzygium polyanthum, Mus musculus L. Hyperglycemia is a pathological condition characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and represents the main clinical manifestation of diabetes mellitus, which may lead to various organ complications, including kidney damage. Conventional therapy often faces limitations such as side effects and restricted accessibility. Alternative therapeutic approaches, including the use of medicinal plants such as bay leaf (Syzygium polyanthum), are considered promising because the bioactive compounds contained in bay leaf are believed to possess antihyperglycemic effects.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ethanolic extract of bay leaf in reducing blood glucose levels and improving renal histopathological features in mice (Mus musculus L.) induced with alloxan. The mice were divided into five treatment groups: a normal control group receiving only food and water, an alloxan-induced control group (150 mg/kg body weight), and three treatment groups receiving different extract doses (150, 250, and 350 mg/kg body weight). Blood glucose levels were measured using a glucose meter, and kidney tissue analysis was performed by observing histopathological preparations stained with hematoxylin–eosin. Data were analyzed using ANOVA or non-parametric tests according to data distribution.The results showed that higher administered concentrations were more effective in reducing blood glucose levels in mice (Mus musculus L.) and in improving renal nephron histopathology, particularly the restoration of the distance between the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule. These findings may serve as a basic reference for the future development of herbal medicines. Keywords: Hyperglycemia, renal histopathology, Syzygium polyanthum, Mus musculus L.