Prevención del síndrome post cuidados intensivos en el paciente con enfermedad crítica a través del paquete de medidas “ABCDEF”

Introduction: “Post-intensive care syndrome” is a set of health problems that persist after a critical illness, and can last even months or years after discharge, and that include cognitive, physical, and mental symptoms. The ABCDEF bundle has been shown to improve the unwanted effects of the syndrome, improving delirium, mortality data, length of stay in ICU, and above all, being useful in weaning from mechanical ventilation. Objective: Describing whether critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units show signs of improvements in the different components of post-intensive care syndrome after implementing the ABCDEF bundle. Methods: A systematic review of the available literature between 2018 and 2023 was conducted, in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science (WOS) databases. Results: Finally, 11 articles were included to be part of this work. Most of the studies analyzed agree that the ABCDEF bundle is useful for minimizing certain components of the post-intensive care syndrome, and other aspects of the disease process of the patient admitted to the ICU. Discussion. The ABCDEF bundle represents an aid in promoting a faster and more complete recovery of critically ill patients. The results improve exponentially with the use of the bundle, according to several authors. It has also been associated with improvements in other secondary aspects such as reducing mechanical ventilation time, length of hospital stay or mortality.