Los seguros agrícolas en México, una historia en perspectiva

Objective: The historical analysis of agricultural insurance is presented, associated with credit and rural lending institutions, with a constant presence of the State in different forms, banks, and networks. The objective is to explain the historical process of agricultural insurance and outline the State's ongoing role. Methodological approach: A literature review was carried out based on five elements of analysis, including the theoretical perspective on Long Duration and conflict, and the consideration of process, dynamics, and complexity. Approach: The assurance covers the colonial period and up to the present. It highlights the formation of a risk culture and the State's interventions over the centuries in shaping institutions and orientations that privilege the insurance of large producers, excluding small producers and peasants. Conclusions: Successful insurance and credit initiatives from the solidarity perspective are diminished by state actions and private interests stripped of organizational effectiveness and without an effective orientation to overcome uncertainty. Credit and insurance have been associated with Keynesian and neoliberal state economic policies within an institutional labyrinth, where corruption and the lack of an integrating and effective proposal based on state policies supported by a vision of the nation, the countryside and social benefit, have caused social asymmetries.