Benefits of modern technologies in the treatment of patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is a serious autoimmune disease with increasing incidence, particularly in childhood. Treatment is based on lifelong insulin administration, adherence to lifestyle measures, and strict self-monitoring of blood glucose. The development of modern technologies, especially continuous glucose monitoring, insulin pumps, and their integration into automated insulin delivery systems, has substantially expanded the possibilities for achieving optimal glycemic control in T1D. This thesis summarizes the development, benefits, and clinical application of these technologies, with a particular focus on the Czech hybrid closed-loop (HCL) system AndroidAPS (AAPS). The thesis presents results from two original clinical studies. A pilot prospective study demonstrated that the use of AAPS during increased physical activity in children with T1D led to lower mean glucose levels without an increased risk of hypoglycemia. A retrospective study assessing long-term use of AAPS in preschool and school-aged children with T1D showed a significant increase in time in range (3.9 - 10.0 mmol/L) and a significant reduction in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in both age groups. Both studies also highlighted positive psychosocial benefits of AAPS use. The findings confirm that AAPS is safe and improves...