Knowledge of Cultural Idioms in Pupils of the 2nd Grade of Primary School and Secondary School.

This thesis deals with the level of understanding of cultural idioms among pupils in the second stage of elementary school and first-year secondary school students. The aim of the research was to determine the extent to which pupils understand selected cultural idioms of biblical and ancient origin and to compare their results in terms of age and gender. The theoretical part defines the basic concepts of phraseology and phrase, characterizes cultural phraseology and its main sources, presents its position in the Framework Educational Program and School Educational Program, and describes the possibilities of working with phraseology in school teaching. It also includes an overview of previous research focused on the understanding of cultural phrases. The practical part presents the results of a questionnaire survey conducted among 7th and 9th grade elementary school students and 1st grade high school students. The results showed significant differences in the level of understanding between the individual grades; with increasing age of the students, the rate of correctly completed and explained phraseology increased. Significant differences also appeared between boys and girls, with girls achieving higher success rates in most tasks. Overall, it was found that cultural phraseology represents a more...