ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ОСНОВИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЖИТТЄЗДАТНІСТЮ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ МОРСЬКОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ

The article presents a systematization and justification of the organizational and economic principles for managing the viability of maritime transport enterprises, and identifies key directions for improving management mechanisms, taking into account modern challenges and industry development trends. The methodological foundation of the study is based on a comprehensive integration of classical and contemporary scientific approaches, ensuring a multidimensional understanding of the processes of managing the viability of maritime transport enterprises. This led to the application of research methods such as analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis, the systems approach, and expert assessment. The study’s results indicate that the comprehensive development of organizational and economic principles of viability management is a necessary prerequisite for the stable functioning of shipping companies, fleet operators, and maritime cargo transportation enterprises amid the transformation of the global logistics system. It is demonstrated that improving the management mechanisms of maritime transport enterprise viability should focus on the following key areas: increasing the adaptability of organizational structures to quickly respond to changes in market conditions and external risks; integrating strategic and operational planning, risk management, shipping safety, and logistics operations; optimizing financial and economic mechanisms, including cash flow management, diversification of funding sources, economically justified tariff policies, and investment efficiency assessment considering industry-specific risks; implementing digital and analytical management tools to enhance decision-making speed and accuracy; developing monitoring systems. This means improving how we measure viability, review management decisions, and adjust company strategies to outside challenges. The study's value is in finding steps that build viability at the linked levels of a maritime transport company—systemic, target, and resource levels. These levels are connected: choices about resources influence reaching goals (target level), and good teamwork between company subsystems keeps the whole company running smoothly (systemic level).