POSIBILITAS HUKUM RANCANGAN UNDANG-UNDANG PERAMPASAN ASET DALAM PEMBERANTASAN KORUPSI MELALUI PERSPEKTIF EKONOMIC ANALYSIS OF LAW DAN MASLAHAH

Corruption in Indonesia has transformed into organized transnational crime that systematically degrades development stability and public welfare. One of the fundamental problems in enforcing anti-corruption laws is the inefficiency of state asset recovery through conviction-based asset forfeiture mechanisms, which causes a high disparity between the value of state losses and the realization of asset returns. The main issue in this study focuses on the urgency of shifting the paradigm towards a non-conviction-based asset forfeiture mechanism through the Asset Seizure Bill to optimize the eradication of corruption in Indonesia. This research is a type of normative legal research with a descriptive-analytical nature that relies on library research. Data analysis is conducted qualitatively using deductive reasoning to evaluate positive legal norms. The theoretical framework proposed in this thesis integrates Economic Analysis of Law (EAL) to assess efficiency through rational choice theory and cost-benefit analysis, as well as Maslahah theory from the perspective of Abu Ishaq asy -Syatibi as an instrument of Islamic legal legitimacy in ensuring the welfare of servants (maṣāliḥ al-'ibād) through the protection of public property (hifz al-māl). The results of the study show that the Asset Seizure Bill has a high level of economic efficiency because it is able to increase the expected cost for rational actors through the mechanism of reversal of the burden of proof (unexplained wealth). Juridically, the adoption of the in rem system is able to cut litigation transaction costs and overcome obstacles to execution when the perpetrator dies or flees. From the perspective of Maslahah Asy-Syatibi, this bill is legally valid because it is in line with the basic objectives of Sharia (Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah) to reject corruption (dar’u al-mafsadah) through the paradigm of i‘tibār al-ma’āl. This analysis confirms that the protection of public assets is part of Maslahah Ḍarūriyyah, which must be prioritized in order to achieve restorative justice and comprehensive social welfare.