The Application Prospects and Future Outlook of Kadsura coccinea (Lem). A.C.Sm. in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Fan Ouyang,1,2,* Xiuli Xi,2,* Yun Liang,1,* Min Wang,2,3 Mei Liu,2 Xiaoyan Jin,4 Hui Li,2 Jianxin Liu,2,3 Xuguang Hu1 1School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China-Pakistan International Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Base for Ethnic Medicine Development in Hunan Province, Sino-Pakistan Center on Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan, 418000, People’s Republic of China; 3School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China; 4School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xinjiang Medical University, Wulumuqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xuguang Hu, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Outer Ring East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, People’s Republic of China, Email huxuguang@gdpu.edu.cn Jianxin Liu, Hunan University of Medicine, 492 Jinxi South Road, Hecheng District, Huaihua, Hunan, 418000, People’s Republic of China, Email jxliu@hnmu.edu.cnAbstract: Kadsura coccinea (Lem). A.C.Sm. has a long history of use in traditional Dong medicine for activating Qi, relieving pain, and dispersing blood stasis. It has garnered increasing attention for treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a condition associated with synovial inflammation and tissue damage. K. coccinea L. effects anti-RA by eliminating reactive oxygen species and directly or indirectly inhibiting lipid peroxidation. This review summarizes its potential therapeutic effects on RA through regulating inflammatory cytokines, reducing oxidative stress, and targeting specific cells and pathways, forecasting its future application prospects. Keywords: Kadsura coccinea Lem. A.C.Sm., rheumatoid arthritis, triterpenoids, sesquiterpenes, antioxidant, immunomodulatory