Особливості змін у фізіологічних характеристиках китайських учнів 5-6 класів при використанні традиційного змісту фізичного виховання протягом навчального року

The influence of the traditional content of physical education on the physiological characteristics of Chinese children who are students of grades 5–6 of a private general secondary education institution was studied. The purpose of the study was to determine the specific features of changes in the physiological characteristics of this group of students who used the physical education content traditional for this educational institution in the defined forms of its organization. Material and methods. The experiment involved 40 Chinese fifth-grade students and 38 sixth-grade students aged 10–11 and 11–12 years, respectively. In each age group, there was an equal number of girls and boys, selected using random sampling. The results of physiological characteristics were assessed, including vital lung capacity, resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as indices widely used by researchers to evaluate the functional state of body systems (vital index, strength index, Robinson index, and Ruffier index). Results. At the beginning of education in grades 5 and 6, both girls and boys were mainly characterized by average and below-average levels of development of most of the studied characteristics. During the fifth grade, the ability of girls and boys to consume oxygen, as well as the efficiency of the cardiovascular system after physical load and after rest, increased significantly. However, in girls, cardiac activity at rest deteriorated by 9.7 %, whereas in boys physical performance increased by 21.5%, but the ability to accumulate structural energy potentials decreased by 23.2 % (p lt; 0.000). During the sixth grade, the efficiency of the cardiovascular system after physical load and after rest increased in all students. Additionally, in girls, cardiac activity at rest and the ability of the respiratory system to supply the body with oxygen improved, while in boys physical performance, neuromuscular system activity, and the ability of the body to accumulate structural energy potentials increased. Conclusions. The obtained data should be taken into account by physical education teachers when planning pedagogical interventions to achieve a greater effect in improving the physiological characteristics of fifth- and sixth-grade students during physical education classes.