УКРАЇНСЬКО-ШВЕЙЦАРСЬКЕ ІННОВАЦІЙНЕ СПІВРОБІТНИЦТВО: ПОТЕНЦІАЛ, ОЦІНКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ТА ВИКЛИКИ

The purpose of this article is to conduct a comparative analysis of the innovative potential of Ukraine and Switzerland, assess the effectiveness of «breakthrough» R&D projects and existing mechanisms of bilateral Ukrainian-Swiss innovative cooperation, as well as systematising the challenges in the development of the innovative component of Ukrainian-Swiss economic cooperation according to criteria that take into account the different nature, character and scale of such barriers. Comparative analysis, analytical method, classification and clustering methods, and SWOT analysis were used. An analysis of key international indicators of innovative development reveals a significant gap between the innovative potential of Ukraine and Switzerland. The SWOT analysis allows us to conclude that Ukraine and Switzerland have quite different profiles of strengths and weaknesses, which creates a solid foundation for complementary cooperation in the field of innovation. The proposed methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of bilateral R&D projects within the framework of international innovative cooperation is based on a multi-criteria approach that considers various measures of the effectiveness of joint initiatives. The main mechanisms of innovative cooperation between Ukraine and Switzerland in terms of their effectiveness are divided into three clusters: highly effective (business incubators and IT clusters), moderately effective (academic mobility, grant programmes) and low effectiveness (bilateral memoranda, declaratory agreements, letters of intent). Challenges in the development of Ukrainian-Swiss economic cooperation in the field of innovation have been systematised according to the following criteria: by general nature; by sector; by structural asymmetry; by the impact of military risks; by the degree of impact on innovative cooperation; by the time horizon for overcoming them; by the level of resources required to eliminate them; and by dependence on external factors. This approach enables identifying innovative policy priorities, assessing the feasibility of resource use, and predicting realistic timeframes for removing barriers, thereby providing a solid basis for formulating recommendations to overcome them.