Estados secuelares de inicio tardío a la poliomelitis (síndrome postpoliomelítico)

BACKGROUND // Poliomyelitis remains a Public Health challenge in countries with low vaccination coverage and outbreaks of vaccine-derived polioviruses. The aim of this paper was to review the current evidence on post-polio syndrome (PPS), including its pathophysiological basis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and current thera-peutic approaches.METHODS // A narrative review of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and World Health Organization documents was conducted, prioritizing systematic reviews, cohort studies, and clinical trials published between 1980 and 2024.RESULTS // PPS affects 20-50% of polio survivors. It is characterized by progressive muscle weakness, fatigue, and pain decades after the initial infection. Its etiology remains unclear; proposed mechanisms include degeneration of reinnervated motor units, neuromuscular dysfunction, viral persistence, and autoimmunity. No pathogenetic treatments are available; management is symptomatic and multidisciplinary.CONCLUSIONS // PPS is a chronic condition with high prevalence among poliomyelitis survivors. Current treatment focuses on rehabilitation, respiratory care, fatigue mana-gement, and psychological support. Further research is required to develop specific therapies.