Resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico en pacientes operados de úlcera péptica perforada

Background: the assessment of the results of surgical treatment for perforated peptic ulcers is essential to appraise the patient's progress. Objective: to assess the results of surgical treatment in patients operated on for perforated peptic ulcer at the Department of General Surgery of the "Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna" General Teaching Hospital from January 2021 to December 2024. Methods: a prospective longitudinal descriptive study was carried out with a universe of 77 patients diagnosed with perforated peptic ulcer who received surgical treatment in the place and during the period herein stated. The sample included 69 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The variables analyzed were: age, sex, etiological factors, ulcer location, type of treatment, complications, recurrence, and morbi-mortality. The information was processed in numbers and percentages. Results: the 50 to 59 age group predominated with 28 patients (40.6%), and the male sex with 53 (76.8%). The most frequent location was pyloric ulcer, with 54 cases (78.3%). The predominant treatment was pyloroplasty and free or pedicled omentoplasty with 20 patients (30.0%). Surgical site infection was the most frequent complication with 53 patients (3.3%). 21 patients had an unfavorable progress (30.4%). The criteria used to assess the type of treatment were consistent with those of national and international experts. Conclusions: the results of surgical treatment of perforated peptic ulcer were characterized, highlighting complications, patient conditions, ulcer location, type of treatment, and morbi-mortality.