Theoretical Research on Inertia Support Technology for Power Grid Based on Vacuum Shaftless Maglev Flywheel

With the continuous increase in the proportion of renewable energy power grid-connection rate, the inertia of the synchronous grid is gradually insufficient. For this reason, this paper proposes the inertia support technology based on vacuum shaftless maglev flywheel to enhance the inertia of the grid. First, the methods to solve the inertia deficiency were summarized; then, the basic principle of the inertial response were derived from the two levels of a single synchronous generator and the grid. Then, the principle of vacuum shaftless maglev flywheel and two different types of rotor structure were introduced, and the virtual inertia support technology based on the energy storage of vacuum shaftless maglev flywheel and the essential inertia support technology based on the synchronous machine of vacuum shaftless maglev flywheel were proposed. Then, two technologies were studied with different scenes, the key parameters such as the capacity, flywheel size and weight were configured. Finally, the characteristics and conclusions of the two inertia support technologies were compared and summarized. This study demonstrates that the inertia support technology based on vacuum shaftless maglev flywheel energy storage can effectively enhance the inertia of grids with high renewable energy penetration, offering a novel approach to grid stability.