Benefits and Risks of Exercise During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period

Title: Benefits and Risks of Exercise During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period Objective: The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyse the effects of different forms of physical activity, particularly strength training, on the health of pregnant and postpartum women, and to evaluate their benefits and potential risks based on current scientific evidence. Methods: This thesis employs a literature review method focused on the analysis of peer- reviewed studies published since 2010. Relevant studies were identified through databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Elsevier. Included were randomized controlled trials and observational studies examining the impact of physical activity on pregnant women. Results: Analysis of fourteen selected studies indicated that regular strength training during pregnancy may contribute to the prevention of gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and excessive weight gain. Furthermore, physical activity was associated with improved physical fitness, enhanced psychological well-being, and reduced fatigue. Exercise performed under professional supervision was considered safe when individualized and adapted to the woman's current health condition. KEYWORDS Pregnancy, strength training, trimester, physical activity